cMPI: Using CXL Memory Sharing for MPI One-Sided and Two-Sided Inter-Node Communications

By Xi Wang ¹, Bin Ma ¹, Jongryool Kim ², Byungil Koh ², Hoshik Kim ², Dong Li ^1
1 University of California, Merced, CA, USA
² SK hynix,  San Jose, CA, USA

Abstract

Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a foundational programming model for high-performance computing. MPI libraries traditionally employ network interconnects (e.g., Ethernet and InfiniBand) and network protocols (e.g., TCP and RoCE) with complex software stacks for cross-node communication. We present cMPI, the first work to optimize MPI point-to-point communication (both one-sided and two-sided) using CXL memory sharing on a real CXL platform, transforming cross-node communication into memory transactions and data copies within CXL memory, bypassing traditional network protocols. We analyze performance across various interconnects and find that CXL memory sharing achieves 7.2x-8.1x lower latency than TCP-based interconnects deployed in small- and medium-scale clusters. We address challenges of CXL memory sharing for MPI communication, including data object management over the dax representation [50], cache coherence, and atomic operations. Overall, cMPI outperforms TCP over standard Ethernet NIC and high-end SmartNIC by up to 49x and 72x in latency and bandwidth, respectively, for small messages.

Keywords: MPI, Compute Express Link (CXL), high-performance computing (HPC), shared memory, interconnection architectures

To read the full article, click here