ADC IP

An ADC IP, or Analog-to-Digital Converter, is an IP block that converts an analog signal into a digital one, as its name implies. It enables a digital chip to interface with the analog world. The output of the ADC is expressed as binary or digital numeric values.

Analog signals are continuous in both time and amplitude, whereas the digital output from an ADC is discrete in nature because the input signal has been sampled.

There are several types of ADCs, each differing in how the conversion is implemented in hardware. One common type is the Flash ADC, known for its extremely high speed and parallel architecture. It consists of multiple comparators, each comparing the input signal against a range of reference voltages. The results are then processed by a logic circuit. Although Flash ADCs are very fast, they are typically large, expensive, and limited in resolution due to their complex parallel design.

Another widely used and modern design is the Successive Approximation Register (SAR) ADC. This type uses digital logic to iteratively approximate the analog input signal. A comparator with a narrow input range, combined with an internal Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), refines the estimate step by step. Each approximation is stored in a Successive Approximation Register, enabling efficient and accurate conversion.

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