LPDDR5/4/4X PHY in Samsung (14nm) for Automotive

Overview

The Synopsys LPDDR5/4/4X PHY is Synopsys’ physical (PHY) layer IP interface solution for ASICs, ASSPs, system-on-chips (SoCs) and system- in-package applications requiring high-performance LPDDR5, LPDDR4, and LPDDR4X SDRAM interfaces operating at up to 6400 Mbps. With multiple
interfaces and supporting a wide frequency range, the LPDDR5/4/4X PHY can be used in a variety of mobile applications supporting LPDDR5 or LPDDR4/4X SDRAMs, precisely targeting specific Power, Performance, and Area (PPA) requirements of these systems.
Optimized for high performance, low latency, low area, low power, and ease of integration, the LPDDR5/4/4X PHY is provided as the following hardened IP components:
A single-bit macrocell (SE slice) for single-ended Command/Address (C/A) and Data (DQ) signals
A single-bit macrocell (DIFF slice) for differential signals (clock signals)
A single-bit macrocell (CMOS slice) for CMOS logic-level based C/A signals
A master macrocell (MASTER)
These macrocells include fully integrated IOs and are easily assembled into a variety of configurations supporting a wide range of SoC DRAM interface requirements. Supporting the GDSII-based PHY is the RTL-based PHY Utility
Block (PUB) that features Synopsys’ unique firmware-based training capability. In addition to training the interface after boot-up, the PUB contains the configuration registers for the PHY, performs periodic delay line compensation against voltage and temperature drift, and facilitates ATE testing and interface diagnostics. The LPDDR5/4/4X PHY includes a DFI 5.0 interface to the memory controller and can be combined with the Synopsys LPDDR5/4/4X Universal Memory (uMCTL5) for a complete DDR interface solution.

Key Features

  • Low latency, small area, low power
  • Compatible with JEDEC standard LPDDR5 SDRAMs up to 6400 Mbps
  • Compatible with JEDEC standard LPDDR4 and LPDDR4X SDRAMs up to 4267 Mbps
  • DFI 5.0 compliant interface to the memory controller
  • LPDDR5 DFI Frequency Ratio Support: DFI 1:1:4, 1:1:2 modes (DFICLK:CK:WCK)
  • LPDDR4 / LPDDR4X DFI Frequency Ratio Support: DFI 1:2, 1:4 mode support
  • Flexible channel architecture
  • 16- or 32-bit data path widths, supporting either single x32 channel or two x16 channels
  • 64-bit support via two 32-bit PHYs or four 16-bit PHYs
  • 1 or 2 memory ranks comprised of x16 and/or x8 (“byte mode”) DRAM devices, including packages using x8 devices on one rank and x16 devices on another
  • Flexible configuration options: up to 2 DQ loads, 8 CA loads, and 4 CS loads
  • Support for many DRAM packaging options:
  • SDRAM components soldered directly to PCB
  • Package on Package PoP devices
  • PHY independent, firmware-based training using an embedded calibration processor
  • Utilizes specialized hardware acceleration engines
  • Automatic periodic retraining through the DFI MASTER Interface
  • Supports:
  • Command Bus Training (VREF and Delay)
  • Write Leveling, Read Gate Training
  • Write/Read Training:
  • Per-bit DQS to DQ centering and per-bit deskew
  • Per-rank VREFDQ training on DRAM DQ bits
  • Periodic retraining for DRAM write (tDQS2DQ) and read (tDQSCK) drift
  • IO calibration and ODT calibration
  • Supports 1 tap of Decision Feedback Equalization
  • Periodic retraining for DRAM write (tDQS2DQ) and read (tDQSCK) drift
  • Read data capture using differential RDQS strobe pair, or, at lower speeds (threshold TBD) using a strobeless CDR-like data capture
  • Support for up to fifteen distinct trained states/frequencies to permit fast frequency changes
  • Each trained state can have unique frequency and I/O drive and ODT impedance settings
  • Three inactive idle states:
  • DFI_LP Mode: most clocks and delay lines gated
  • PHY Inactive: leakage only
  • PHY Retention: Core power removed, most I/Os powered down, SDRAMs held in self-refresh
  • Voltage and temperature compensated delay lines used for:
  • Centering the clock in the address/command window and strobes in the data eyes
  • Includes a low-jitter PLL for both PHY clock generation and SDRAM clock generation
  • Only one PLL is required per DDR PHY
  • Support for all write preamble/postamble settings defined by JEDEC
  • SW controllable DQ bit and AC bit swizzling
  • Supports PHYs that go around a die corner and support for both East-West and North-South orientations
  • Includes the PHY Utility Block (PUB)
  • Soft IP Verilog design that includes PHY control features, such as read/write leveling and data eye training
  • APB and JTAG interfaces for register access
  • Test support:
  • At-speed loopback testing on both the address and data channels
  • Delay line BIST
  • MUX-scan ATPG (stuck-at SCAN)
  • PLL lock test
  • ZQ calibration test
  • Facilitates a JTAG register interface for easy test access
  • Firmware-based 2D eye mapping diagnostic tool allows measuring 2D eye for every bit of the bus at both DRAM and host receivers
  • Direct override programming available for all VREF, ODT, drive strength, and timing delays to facilitate debug and characterization
  • Automotive grade PHYs in development

Benefits

  • Supports JEDEC standard LPDDR5, LPDDR4 and LPDDR4X SDRAMs
  • Support for data rates up to 6400Mbps
  • Designed for rapid integration with Synopsys Enhanced Universal DDR Memory Controller (uMCTL5) for a complete DDR interface solution
  • DFI 5.0 controller interface
  • PHY independent, firmware-based training using an embedded calibration processor
  • Optional dual channel architecture for LPDDR5/4/4X modes, which facilitates two independent channels in less area versus two independent PHYs
  • Support for DFI-based low power modes and lower power sleep and retention modes
  • Support for up to 15 trained states/
  • frequencies with < 5us switching time???
  • Flexible implementation to support Package-On-Package (PoP) or discrete DRAM-on-PCB systems with optimized PHY architecture
  • Built-in anti-aging features to prevent effects of NBTI & HCI

Applications

  • Smartphones and tablets
  • Embedded mobile computing
  • Ultraportable laptops/“Ultrabooks”
  • Automotive
  • Mobile multimedia
  • Digital home/office
  • Wireless connectivity

Deliverables

  • Executable .run installation file which includes GDSII, LEF files, LVS netlists, .lib/.db timing models, Verilog model, DRC/LVS log files, I/O IBIS Model, I/O HSPICE netlist, parameterized Verilog top-level PHY netlist files, sample Verification Environment, PHY data book, physical implementation guide, app notes, verification guide, installation guide, and implementation checklist
  • PUB includes Verilog code, Synthesis/ STA constraints and scripts, sample verification environment, and data book
  • Implementation Guide, Application notes, and quick start manuals
  • Firmware for training, ATE test and diagnostics
  • DDR PHY compiler
  • Support for PHY emulation
  • Optional deliverables include:
  • Signal integrity consulting services
  • PHY hardening consulting services
  • Subsystems consulting services
  • IP Prototyping kit for FPGA-based prototyping

Technical Specifications

Foundry, Node
Samsung 14nm - LPU
Maturity
Available on request
Availability
Available
Samsung
Pre-Silicon: 14nm
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Semiconductor IP