Vendor: eSi-RISC Category: CPU

Low-cost & low-power 16-bit RISC CPU

eSi-RISC's eSi-1600 16-bit RISC CPU IP core is an extremely small, low-cost and low-power processor ideal for integration into AS…

Overview

eSi-RISC's eSi-1600 16-bit RISC CPU IP core is an extremely small, low-cost and low-power processor ideal for integration into ASIC and/or FPGA designs. It offers similar performance to more expensive 32-bit CPUs, while having a system cost comparable to that of 8-bit CPUs. Significant power savings are possible compared to 8-bit CPUs as applications require far fewer clock cycles to run.

Even though it is 16-bit, the gate count is equivalent to many 8-bit cores due to the simplicity of the RISC pipeline. With a wider datapath and 16 general purpose registers, application programs are able to execute in far fewer clock cycles. This can save a significant amount of power by either allowing the CPU to be clocked at a lower frequency or by being able to enter a power down state sooner.

For applications where high performance is required, the 5-stage pipeline allows for high clock frequencies to be achieved even in mature processes.

The eSi-1600’s instruction set includes a variety of arithmetic instructions such as a full 32-bit multiply, multiply and accumulate and divide. There are also a number of optional application specific instructions and addressing modes. Bit manipulation instructions such as bitfield extract and insert, count leading zeros, population count, find first set and bit reverse can be included. Integer square root, absolute value, min/max, CRC and parity are also available. Wait-for-interrupt instructions allow fast entry to low power states, enabling clock and power gating.

For those applications that require extreme performance or ultra low power operation, user-defined instructions and registers can be implemented.

Instructions are encoded in either 16 or 32-bits, with all of the commonly used instructions being encoded in 16-bits, maximizing code density and minimizing instruction fetch power consumption.

The processor supports both user and supervisor operating modes, with privileged instructions and memory areas via the optional MPU, to allow an O/S kernel to be fully protected from user applications.

Hardware debug facilities include hardware breakpoints, watchpoints, trace, performance counters, null pointer detection and single-stepping for fast debugging of ROM, FLASH and RAM based programs.

Key features

  • 16-bit RISC architecture
  • 16 or 32 general purpose registers
  • 92 basic instructions and 10 addressing modes
  • Supports up to 74 user-defined instructions
  • 5-stage pipeline
  • Optional memory protection unit (MPU)
  • AMBA AHB buses and APB peripheral bus
  • Optional support for user and supervisor modes
  • Up to 16 vectored interrupts plus NMI and system call
  • HW nested and prioritizable interrupts
  • Fast interrupt response time of 6-9 cycles
  • JTAG or serial debug, with optional trace and performance counters
  • Up to 2.81 CoreMark per MHz
  • Multiprocessor support
  • Intermixed 16 and 32-bit instructions result in exceptional code density without compromising performance
  • ASIC performance (Typical 28nm):
  • Up to 1 GHz
  • From 8.5k gates
  • From 3uW/MHz
  • High quality IP:
  • Verilog RTL
  • DFT ready
  • Silicon proven
  • C and C++ software development using license-free toolchain, under industry standard Eclipse IDE
  • Easy migration path to 16-bit version with caches or a 32-bit version

Block Diagram

Files

Note: some files may require an NDA depending on provider policy.

Specifications

Identity

Part Number
eSi-1600
Vendor
eSi-RISC
Type
Silicon IP

Provider

eSi-RISC
HQ: UK
eSi-RISC designs and licenses the eSi-RISC range of configurable, low-power, RISC CPU IP cores, as well as associated peripheral IP cores and software development tools. The eSi-RISC processors are unique in being configurable from a base 16-bit core (eSi-1600) to a 32-bit, multi-core CPU with optional caches (eSi-3250), to a high-performance DSP core with 64-bit fixed-point SIMD and floating point support (eSi-3264). As well as supplying individual cores, eSi-RISC can develop complete SoC sub-systems combining CPUs, memory and peripherals (DMA, memory-controllers, I2C, UART, SPI, etc.), using an AMBA AXI/AHB/APB based interconnect, generated automatically using our eSi-SoC EDA tool.

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Frequently asked questions about CPU IP cores

What is Low-cost & low-power 16-bit RISC CPU?

Low-cost & low-power 16-bit RISC CPU is a CPU IP core from eSi-RISC listed on Semi IP Hub.

How should engineers evaluate this CPU?

Engineers should review the overview, key features, supported foundries and nodes, maturity, deliverables, and provider information before shortlisting this CPU IP.

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